Dry skin (xerosis) is not a serious condition, but it can cause discomfort such as itching, wrinkling, and flaking. As people age, their skin becomes drier and less oily, making dry skin more common in older individuals. Studies have also shown that as people shower more frequently, the incidence of xerosis increases. Many causes of dry skin are environmental and can often be managed. The most common causes of dry skin include excessive exposure to hot or cold water, low-humidity environments, and frequent bathing.

Who is more likely to experience dry skin, and what causes it?

• Age: As people get older, their skin tends to become drier and thinner. Many individuals in their 40s start to feel the need for daily moisturizers.
• Climate: Dry skin is more common in dry climates.
• Skin conditions: Conditions like atopic dermatitis, eczema, and psoriasis can cause dry skin.
• Occupational factors: Professions like nursing, cooking, and cleaning, where the skin frequently comes into contact with water, can contribute to dry skin.
• Frequent swimming: Swimming in pools with high chlorine levels can lead to dry skin.

How can I prevent and treat dry skin?

1. Avoid hot water: Take warm, not hot, showers or baths.
2. Use a gentle cleanser: Avoid cleansers with alcohol or hand sanitizers. Opt for soap-free, fragrance-free, and moisturizing cleansers.
3. Limit bathing frequency: Try not to shower more than once a day.
4. Apply moisturizer immediately after bathing: To lock in moisture, apply a moisturizer right after you bathe.
5. Use a humidifier: If you're in a dry environment, using a humidifier can add moisture to the air.
6. Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water to help maintain skin hydration.
7. Eat fruits and vegetables: A diet rich in fruits and vegetables helps nourish your skin.
8. Consult a dermatologist if symptoms persist: If dry skin issues persist, it’s best to see a dermatologist for a detailed examination and treatment.

With proper care and the right treatments, dry skin can be managed and even prevented.