What are Genital Warts?

Genital warts are a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), affecting the genital area. They occur in about 1-2% of people aged 15-49. HPV has over 100 different types, and approximately half of them can cause genital warts.

What are the Symptoms of Genital Warts?

In both men and women, genital warts typically appear as small, skin-colored, red, or brown growths in warm and moist areas such as the genital region and around the anus. In women, they are more commonly found on the labia. In very moist areas, they may appear whitish. Over time, these warts can grow larger and develop a cauliflower-like appearance.

How are Genital Warts Transmitted?

Genital warts are primarily transmitted through sexual contact. However, since transmission occurs via skin-to-skin contact, it can spread even without full sexual intercourse.

How is the Diagnosis of Genital Warts Made?

Diagnosis is usually made through a clinical examination by a dermatologist.

How are Genital Warts Treated?

Treatment for genital warts may include options such as laser therapy, cryotherapy (freezing), or electrocautery (burning). The choice of treatment depends on the size, number, and location of the warts.

How Can Genital Warts Be Prevented?

The most reliable way to prevent genital warts is to have a monogamous relationship with a partner who is not infected. Correct and consistent use of condoms can reduce the risk of genital warts, though it doesn't eliminate the risk entirely, as warts can appear in areas not covered by a condom.